Adverse drug reactions

Vivian Imbriotis | Jan. 5, 2026

An adverse drug reaction is a reaction where

  • The reaction is directly related to the drug
  • The drug was being used correctly and appropriately
  • The reaction is harmful


Type A: dose-related adverse effects (hypotension from antihypertensives)

Type B: dose-independant adverse effects (anaphylaxis)

Type C: Dose- and Time-related (HPA axis suppression)

Type D: Time- related effects (tardive dyskinesia)

Type E: withdrawal effects

Type F: other (altered clearance, ECMO adsorbtion, plasmapheresis removal).